This Fall Apart Essays - African Writers Series,

This Fall Apart Paper ON THINGS FALL APART Things self-destruct recounts to an account of an African clan and it's societies. It recounts to the narrative of the life of a man by the name of Okonkwo, by his long lasting companion, Obierika. Okonkwo, an all around regarded individual from his town, wanted to be masculine consistently. He was a dad and a spouse of three wives and endeavored to help his family; he started doing as such at a youthful age. By no means would he ever warrant the presumption by any man that he was either feeble or apprehensive. The main dread that he had was that any man consider such him. Okonkwo had a short, savage temper that was promptly activated in light of activities that he regarded to be feeble of another. Shockingly, pretty much every time that Okonkwo let free his vicious temper in his masculine way, he brought inconvenience upon himself, just as everyone around him. In spite of the fact that exceptionally regarded in his town, Okonkwo was ousted and expelled from the town for a long time. This was the aftereffect of the homicide of a clansman. Despite the fact that the demonstration was genuinely incidental during the burial service of a senior in the town, to murder individual clansmen was not acknowledged. During the service firearms where shot, Okonkwo coincidentally discharged his weapon, executing the child of the dead senior. Since this was done coincidentally he had the option to come back to the town with his family in the wake of being expelled for a long time. During the seven years of his outcast, the Ibo town began to self-destruct. The ruin of the Ibo profoundly was the system that set off the defeat of the Ibo town and it's employment. White ministers rose on the town carrying with them their Christian religion and convictions that were very surprising from the Ibo individuals. This was two years after one of their own was slaughtered in the town. Despite the fact that the breakdown was basically brought about by three men, Mr. Earthy colored, Rev. James Smith, and the District Commissioner, it was the aloofness of the town (Umuofia), just as the intensity of the strategic's that prompted the downfall of the Ibo lifestyle. Plainly this fortified the believability of the new white men and their religion. Futhermore, a significant blow was managed to the Ibo religion. Christianity gave a response to the inquiries' kin had about their otherworldliness: the Ibo religion started to have all the earmarks of being bogus as a matter of course. The new religion's legitimacy and acknowledgment, combined with the void made by the disintegration of the void made by the disintegration of the Ibo profoundly, left the remaining Ibo adherents over fueled by the Christian believers and their new supporters. A last representation of Okonkwo's rash activities driving languishing over himself and people around him happens when he hurriedly executes the head errand person who comes to Umuofia to separate a town meeting. Okonkwo and his kindred residents met up and were intending to murder the evangelists. The delivery person confronted Okonkwo requesting to get by. Ready to talk just two short sentences, Okonkwo irately killed him; taking his blade and removing his head. This didn't deliver a war of any sort. The staying three detachments proceeded with their excursion and the townspeople never assaulted. This carried a definitive enduring to Okonkwo, who hangs himself, just as the languishing over the remainder of the clan, who may not cover him and some of whom are brought to the court where Okonkwo and some others had at one time endured. In closing I would state that Africans in their conventional convictions and morals, are exceptionally energetic about what I would think about otherworldly, or supernatural forces. A portion of their convictions I could acknowledge in an otherworldly manner yet not as a method of carrying on with my life. The beating of one's significant other isn't excused under any conditions, and impacts the network all in all. This is viewed as absolutely inadmissible yet not on the grounds that it occurred on an inappropriate day but since it's ethically off-base. Exposition ON THINGS FALL APART Things self-destruct recounts to an account of an African clan and it's societies. It recounts to the tale of the life

Process Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Procedure Analysis - Essay Example Having checked my most recent liquidity explanations gives me that I have somewhat over $14000 consolidated liquidity as far as reserve funds, ventures, and accessible credit from my Visas. This implies so as to lose everything by the Christmas season, I would need to spend at any rate $5000 per month so as to remain in plan. That wont be difficult to do. What with Thanks giving, Halloween, and the Christmas occasions coming up. This should be easy. Thank sky my folks live in New York. That should speed things up for me. Presently, on to the main request of business. To start with, I need to go on the web and locate the most costly carrier ticket accessible for my flight home to visit my folks for the Thanksgiving occasions. Economy and business class wont cut it this time. I basically should fly With every available amenity in transit home. Ok, there it is, and it flies relentless as well. That simply multiplied the ticket cost. Charge it! Presently, to get myself a genuinely better than average spot to remain in while I am there. Despite the fact that my folks have never tried to refurbish my room since I moved out when I left for school, my Justin Timberlake banners despite everything hang in my room. Much as I couldn't imagine anything better than to return to my wacky adolescent, hormonal years, slobbering over JT should pause. I am on a strategic at this point. Im as yet sitting before the PC searching for the best arrangements on inns in New York. It costs the amount to remain at a suite at the Trump Plaza? A multi day stay should clear out in any event half of my reserve funds and credit line. Only somewhat more to spend now. Garments, I unquestionably cant take this outing home with no garments. Be that as it may, checking in things and experience security investigation at the air terminal is such a bane. Also how I am the most exceedingly awful bag packer on the planet. It would appear that Ill be buying my garments when I return to New York. Presently, if I somehow happened to burn through $2000 on garments buys for a multi day stay.... That looks pretty much right. Going around New York during the Christmas season

How to Write a College Admissions Essay

How to Write a College Admissions EssayWriting a college admissions essay can be an enormous task for some, especially if you have never done it before. Fortunately, though, you do not have to look too far if you want to get your college admissions essay done. You can write it yourself, and you can also find a great writer to do it for you at a great price.The first thing that you need to know when it comes to writing a college admission essay is that there are two parts to this type of essay. First, you need to give a short description of yourself, your family, and the things you are looking for in a college that you will be attending.Then, you will need to give your major or areas of interest and your reason for being attending a particular college. This will serve as your justification for choosing this particular college. Also, it will let the admissions committee know who you are and what you have to offer.Of course, the important part of writing a college admissions essay is th e essay itself. The main reason for this is so that you will be able to accurately present the information that you have told in your letter of request. This means that you need to learn all of the proper English grammar and punctuation as well as the basic sentence structure.You need to learn how to write a good college essay by working with a writing coach, which is a great way to learn how to write the best college essays. You can also find online guides that can help you write a college admission essay.Grammar and punctuation can be a great way to make sure that you do not slip up during the writing process. If you are unsure about a specific point that you make, it is very easy to read a passage of literature about the topic and then re-read your essay until you understand it completely. However, a professional writing coach will show you how to read this type of material and how to make sure that you are conveying the right point through the correct grammar and punctuation.Fin ally, you will need to consider the length of your essay. As stated above, the length of the essay is very important because it is one of the determining factors in how well the admissions committee will read your letter of request.The key to how to write a college admissions essay is to get it right and then keep in mind that you should not change it once you have written it. This is the same with most college admissions essays, so if you want to have a chance at getting into a prestigious college, learn how to write a college admissions essay!

Lavallees Case - 805 Words

Criminal Law What principles with respect to women battering and self-defense have been established in Lavallees case? Most of the case law involving female offenders depend on the Supreme Court of Canadas verdict in Lavallee, which accepted proof that an offender had encountered violence elicited by the victim, , Battered Woman Syndrome (BWS), as applicable to the problem of self-defense. In the Lavallee case, proof was disclosed demonstrating that the offender had been exposed to years of abuse owing to the victim, and she was acquitted of murder because she had acted in self-defense. Battered women constitute one of the most marginalized groupings in the social order. Their relationship incidents occasionally put these†¦show more content†¦The battered woman syndrome turned out to be recognized in Canadian courts in the verdict made in R. v. Lavallee. In the case, the Supreme Court of Canada recognized the battered woman syndrome inside the circumstances of spousal homicide. Before Lavallee in 1990, the legal prerequisites for self-defense in conjunction with the legal exploit of the phrase ordinary man to decide reasonableness failed to consider disparities in size and strength amid males and females plus the truth that battered women have encountered constant violence. In Lavallee, the accused was exonerated at trial of murder by a judge and jury. She had murdered her husband after a disagreement. Their association incorporated physical violence and continuous squabbles. The then Justice (Wilson) mandated a rethinking of the ordinary man principle in the framework of female violence. She stated, If it strains credulity to imagine what the ordinary man would do in the position of a battered spouse, it is probably because men do not typically find themselves in that situation. Some women do, however 4. Via Walkers criteria for the battered woman syndrome, Justice Wilson made obvious how a battered womanShow MoreRelatedA Study Of Ethics By Immanuel Kant And John Stuart Mill992 Words   |  4 Pagesbehavior. The R.v Lavallee case revolves around ethics. The court released Lavallee as innocent on the basis that she is medically ill with Battered Woman Syndrome (BWS). The two most renowned ethicists, Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill would view this ca se differently. Kantianism is associated solely with Immanuel Kant. In comparison, John Stuart Mill, an opponent of Immanuel Kant’s ideas, uses a utilitarian approach. This essay will briefly give an overview of the case and the BWS. Then, it willRead MoreHow Athletics Have Become An Important Social Context Of Adolescence And Growing Up1071 Words   |  5 Pagesincreasingly important social context of adolescence and growing up. Many children are introduced to recreation athletics at a young age and thus learn both physical competence, and social skills while also having fun (Weiss, 2000). It is often the case that once individuals graduate from high school they cease their athletic career in exchange for greater focus on academics. If being part of a collegiate team actually helps an individual develop, would that encourage more athletes to continue theirRead MoreIs Battered Person Syndrome?2020 Words   |  9 Pages† (Terrance, Plumm, Kehn, 2013). This study clea rly demonstrates the need for expert testimony especially if there is no clear set legal definition towards Battered Person Syndrome. The Oakes Test is derived from the R v. Oakes [1986] 1 SCR 103 case. The test, itself, is described as â€Å"a procedure in which certain criteria must be met to prove that there are sections of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms in Canada [that] are limiting enough to warrant [an] overriding [of] a constitutionally protected

Essay on The Transformation of the Animals on Animal Farm

Throughout the course of the novel the lives of everyone – human and animal – on Animal Farm change dramatically. In the case of the pigs their lives get better and better but for all the other animals and the humans their lives take a turn for the worse, after a brief period of optimism for the animals. This change in lifestyle, perhaps suggests Orwell’s thoughts and feelings about communism as he uses all of the events allegorically with the Russian revolution, for example when Snowball is chased out by Napoleon represents in history when Josef Stalin had Leon Trotsky exiled from Russia. Another example is in the card game at the end of the novel when Napoleon, representing Josef Stalin and Russia, and Mr. Pilkington, representing†¦show more content†¦After Snowballs expulsion the animals have to work harder and the pigs do even less work. This is implied by evidence from the text where it says: â€Å"Huge boulders, far too big to be used as they were †¦The animals lashed ropes round these and then all together, cows, horses, sheep, any animal that could lay hold of the rope – even the pigs sometimes joined in†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Sometimes is the key word as it implies that the pigs only came and helped so they could get glory and reward themselves. The other animals have things taken away from them by the pigs, things such as their food, so the pigs can have privileges. Examples of this are: â€Å"The mystery of where the milk went was soon cleared up. It was mixed every day into the pigs mash† and the early apples were ripening †¦ the order was sent forth that all the windfalls were to be collected for the use of the pigs.† When the pigs gave themselves privileges they had to lie. One lie was that the pigs had to have the milk and apples to keep their brains working or Jones would come back. The pigs also lied that everything bad was caused by Snowball such as the first windmill being destroyed. The pigs also forced the animals to lie which then allowed them to break a commandment â€Å"no animal shall kill any other animal†. To avoid any hassle from the animals they change the commandments to benefit themselves. Examples are: â€Å"no animal shall sleep in a bed† changes to â€Å"no animal shall sleep in a bedShow MoreRelatedNapoleon s Downfall Of The Utopian Vision Of Animal Farm Essay1173 Words   |  5 Pagesrevolution, Manor Farm was renamed to Animal Farm and the Seven Commandments of animalism were established to ensure equality. The pigs became the supervisors of the farm. However, the rivalry between two pigs Snowball and Napoleon made Napoleon use force. Napoleon ordered his dogs to chase out Snowball from the farm in order to become the only leader. Napoleon’s selfishness and corrupt power made him commit different atrocities against his own comrades. As a result, the lives of the animals except forRead MoreThe Evil Virtues of Greed and Corr uption752 Words   |  3 Pages In the novel, Animal Farm by George Orwell, tactics such as,â€Å" the ends justify the means† play a vital role in developing the storyline. Animal Farm is set during the Russian Revolution and Orwell uses animals, such as pigs and horses, to portray Joseph Stalin and his loyal, yet blindsided followers. Napoleon, a pig who takes the position of Stalin in the novel, leads the other animals in a battle against the humans to free themselves from their miseries on the farm. The animals’ memories of theirRead MoreAnimal Farm Corruption Essay930 Words   |  4 Pagestyrant. Such is the case in Animal Farm, a novel by George Orwell. Animal Farm focuses on the rebellion of the animals on Manor Farm, and their attempt at a socialism-esque society. The leaders of the farm, two pigs named Napoleon and Squealer, gradually change from fair authority figures to unethical dictators. Orwell’s critically acclaimed novel Animal Farm establishes a theme of how leaders can be corrupted by power through the characters of two pig dictators on the farm, and their former masterRead MoreThe Presentation of Napoleon in Animal Farm by George Orwell Essay839 Words   |  4 PagesPresentation of Napoleon in Animal Farm by George Orwell The novel Animal Farm, by the political writer George Orwell, is a story parallel to the events of the Russian Revolution. It features the brutal rise to power of one history’s most notorious dictators – Josef Stalin, who is portrayed by the tyrannical pig Napoleon. After the animals of Manor Farm expel their human master, Napoleon eventually manages to seize total control over every aspect of the animals’ lives. It is Napoleon’sRead MoreThe Deadly Side of Power779 Words   |  3 Pagesdeadly implications for the citizens of the country. In the famous novel Animal Farm the author George Orwell explores the concept of a government consumed by power and the deadly implications it has on society through the perspective of Animals. Through the usage of the characters of Napoleons and his savage abuse of power as well as The Pigs and there changing of the commandments of the farm to suit their own needs Animal farm shows us that power may seem harmless, but eventually it consumes the userRead MoreInsight To Organic Dairy Farming. . Abstract. Organic Dairy1657 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Organic dairy farming implies raising dairy creatures on natural nourish and giving them the entrance to pasture, alongside the confined utilization of anti-infection agents and hormones. While natural products, vegetables, grains, and some animals have for some time been backbones of the natural development, Organic dairy farming is a relative newcomer. With the expansion in the mindfulness and wellbeing cognizance among purchasers, interest for natural items including milk is expanding. TheRead MoreAnimal Farm And Fahrenheit 4511020 Words   |  5 PagesThe Burning Truth Both Animal Farm and Fahrenheit 451 are fictional novels in which a dystopian society exists. These societies were both created by a â€Å"central government†. When citizens of these societies fail to stand up and protect their rights, authority figures will keep increasing their level of aggressiveness until it ruptures the society. When the authorities in these novels abuse their power, it fractures the society and greatly increases corruption. Orwell and Bradbury bothRead MoreGeorge Orwells Use of Language Techniques to Represent Power in Animal Farm1408 Words   |  6 PagesGeorge Orwells Use of Language Techniques to Represent Power in Animal Farm Power corrupts, but absolute power corrupts absolutely; and this is eloquently proved in George Orwells novel Animal Farm. In this satirical fable, Orwell uses his allegorical farm to candidly illustrate the corruptive nature of power and to symbolise the communist system in the microcosm of a farmyard barn. George Orwell was the pen name of Eric Blair, a British political novelist andRead More The Warnings in George Orwells Animal Farm Essay1248 Words   |  5 PagesOrwells Animal Farm George Orwells goal in writing the novel Animal Farm was to portray the events surrounding the Russian revolution that took place in 1917. Orwells tale of Animal Farm is seemingly a story of how a group of farmyard animals plot to overthrow their owner and seize control of the land. The novel seems to be a simple story, however Orwell wrote this book as an allegory, a story that has a clear secondary meaning beneath is literal sense. Everything in Animal Farm is used toRead MoreCharacter Quotes In Animal Farm1383 Words   |  6 PagesMr. Jones of Manor Farm who is apathetic and always drunken, animals are constantly exploited and treated extremely poorly. When old Major shares his speech of rebellion, the animals urge to start a revolution of ‘Animal Farm’ under the guidance of the two pigs Napoleon and Snowball, against the humans and take over the farm. As Napoleon abuses the power he gained, Old Major’s dream gradually shifts away from the consciousness of the animals, until there is no differentiation between the pigs and

War Was Written Well Over Two Thousand Years Ago By...

The Art of War was written well over two thousand years ago by Chinese philosopher and military General Sun Tzu. Yet, the thirteen chapters contained within the book still hold relevant in today’s modern times of warfare and decision-making. The contents of the book revolve around one main theme, how to be an effective leader and have a strategy that will win wars. There are several interpretations of the message that Sun Tzu was relaying, this essay will focus on Lionel Giles translation. A secondary source will be used to help show insight into the nature of human beings and how the world works. This paper will also focus on ideas found throughout the primary source that could apply to any human endeavor. An endeavor could be the steps†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"The art of war, then, is governed by five constant factors, to be taken into account in one’s deliberations, when seeking to determine the conditions obtaining in the field†. Once an individual is faced with having to make a choice, human nature kicks in. As in war, there are factors that come into play. Decisions can be influenced by one’s morals, such as which choice is the right choice. Personal choices can also be directed at wanting to remain consistent with one’s previous when it comes to a goal. Game theory and war strategies have to make these same decisions. â€Å"Game theory seeks to isolate general, abstract principles of decision-making when the outcomes of people’s choices depend on what others decide and when everyone is aware of their mutual interdependence†. Whereas, the same holds true for war and the outcome it wants to achieve. Generals have to look at how armies are trained on both sides as well as the reward and punishment that the goal’s outcome will have. The initial chapters in Sun Tzu’s book look at extended conflict. Primarily that individual’s should try to avoid conflicts that exhaust resources. He says, â€Å"If the campaign is protracted, the resources of the State will not be equal to the strain†. Therefore, a person’s decision should not be based on just obtaining a goal. It should be also about what it will cost to achieve the goal and if the cost is worth it. Normally one has to give

Corporate Law Deceptive Conduct Cases

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Law for Deceptive Conduct Cases. Answer: Most Appropriate Business Structure There are four business structures that Jack, Jill and Max (hereinafter referred as the parties) can opt for to carry on business with. These are a sole proprietorship,[1] a company, partnership or a trust. For the case at hand, the parties have the option of forming a company or a partnership. Whichever structure they settle for, they must take into account their needs. Therefore, before making a recommendation, the advantages and disadvantages of either business structure must be brought to the fore as herein below. Partnerships One of the options is to form a partnership by meeting all the requirements of a duly constituted partnership under the Partnership Act (1963) (cth)[2] and case law.[3] Notably, there is also the possibility of incorporating a limited partnership.[4] Advantages of Partnerships The advantages of partnerships are: They are not liable to taxes because each partner files his own tax returns.[5] They are flexibility and easy to set up due to the absence of long registration requirements. In the case of general partnerships, there is no requirement for registration before conducting business. They are not subjected to government scrutiny. There is readily available capital as each partner contributes towards raising the capital. Management is easy since each partner plays a role in the management thereby bringing a variety of vast knowledge Disadvantages of Partnerships Summarily, the disadvantages include the fact that transferability of shares is subject to the consent of the other partners. This poses the risk of dissolution in the event that the partnership deed is silent on the subject of what happens when a partner leaves the firm or dies. Further, there is a likelihood of a deadlock occurring when the partners cannot agree on management issues and therefore leaving the firm with the only option of dissolution. Of particular concern is that partnership expose the partners to liability.[6] Being agents of each other, partners in a general partnership are jointly and severally liable for the actions of each other which are done in the normal course of business.[7] Even for a limited partnership, it is only the limited partners that enjoy limited liability whereas the general partners are subject to unlimited liability to the extent that the partnership cannot offset its liabilities or as set out in the deed.[8] Even then, a limited partner does not engage in the management of the business and should he do so, his liability for any action arising therefrom shall be unlimited.[9] Private Company Limited by Shares The three parties can also incorporate a private company limited by shares by complying with the provisions of the Corporations Act (2001) (cth). The disadvantages of this option include much scrutiny and supervision from the government, tedious registration processes and tax liabilities (Sealy and Worthington, 2013). However, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages and make a company limited by shares the best option for Jack, Jill, and Max. These advantages are: The company will have a legal personality and therefore capable of owning property and carrying on business in its name and even further, can sue and be sued in its own[10] The company will in essence be a separate legal entity and will not be identified with the persons who own shares in the company or its directors. The transferability of shares is possible at the option of a shareholder without restraint. The company shall have perpetual succession and will not dissolve even when a shareholder dies. Of greater importance is that in a company, the shareholders liability is limited[11] to the extent of the unpaid shares subscribed for. Once the shareholder fully pays up for the shares subscribed for, even when the company becomes liable, the shareholder cannot be called upon to make good the debts or liabilities of the company. This characteristic makes limited companies attractive to investors because they are aware that they shall not be personally held liable for the companys debts. Further, it is easier to acquire credit from financial facilities due to the companys legal personality. My advice to the parties will, therefore, be that they should incorporate a company limited by shares to reap the advantages that come with it. Child Toys Liability Schedule 2 of the Competition and Consumer Act (2010) (cth) (hereinafter referred to as the CCA) prohibits persons in trade and commerce from engaging in misleading and deceptive conduct.[12] Further, section 29 (1) of the CCA provides that persons in trade must refrain from making false and misleading representations that the goods are of inter alia a particular quality or standard. To conclude whether the conduct is deceptive or misleading, reference is made to the case of Parkdale Customs Built Furniture Pty Lt vs. Puxu Pty Ltd[13] wherein it was stated that the conduct is misleading when a person leads another into error. Further, in Butcher vs. Lachlan Reality Pty Ltd[14], J. Macaulay held that whether the conduct is deceptive or misleading is a fact question and regard must be had to the whole situation in light of the immediate facts and circumstances. In Google Inc.[15] J French reasoned that the words likely to mislead or deceive mean that it is not necessary for actual deception to occur. From the foregoing generality, it is conclusive that by informing and assuring the retailers that the toys were free of harmful plastic chemicals whereas they were actually harmful, Betty contravened the provisions prohibiting the making of misrepresentations, misleading and deceptive statements under the CCA. Upon establishing that Bettys conduct was misleading and deceptive, it must be proved that the retailers relied on the Bettys statement to inform their decision to buy the goods for further redistribution. My considered opinion is that the information relayed by Betty was crucial to get the retailers to accept the goods and distribute to customers, and they are duly in for compensation for the resultant loss of customers.[16] Generally, an employer will not be held liable for the unauthorized acts of an employee.[17] In Limpus vs. London General Omnibus Co.[18] the salmond test was applied and it was stated that to determine whether the actions are to be considered authorized, they must be within the scope of the employment. In the case at hand, as a salesperson, it was within Bettys authority to give assurances on the product quality. Therefore, Child Toy will be vicariously liable for Bettys actions. The penalty prescribed for corporations under the CCA for such false representations and misleading and deceptive conduct is a fine of $1,100,000/=. Child Toy will, therefore, be liable to pay the statutory fine. Further, Child Toy will also be subjected to product liability. In Donoghue vs. Stevenson,[19] it was stated that once a product manufacturer sells a product to consumers, there is no expectation that the product will undergo further examination. Therefore, the manufacturer will be liable to the ultimate consumers if reasonable care is not exercised in the manufacture of the product. Keeton (1973) argues that a manufacturer is also liable for negligence for failure to warn of dangerous qualities in the product.[20] In Paterson vs. Merck Sharpe Dohme Pty Ltd,[21] J. Jessup held that a manufacturer has a duty to warn not only when the risk is known but also when it should have been known. Child Toy ought to have disclosed the crucial information on the safety of the toys and given sufficient warning of the danger. Since they hadnt disclosed such information, they are liable for damages resulting from the injuries sustained by consumers and to the retailers for losses incurred from the loss of customers. Also, the toys will have to be recalled from the market in accordance with section 122 of the CCA. Action against Charles The contract between Charles and Child toy has a non-compete clause. This clause is usually incorporated in employment contracts wherein employees agree not to start a similar business or join a competitors employment upon termination of the current employment (Cross, 2008). Like any other contract, employment contracts are also to some degree subject to common law provisions. The law position with regards to enforcement of non-compete clauses is as from time-to-time developed by courts (Turnbull and Howman-Giles, 2014). For Child Toy to succeed in an action against Charles for breach of the continuing restrictive covenant certain prerequisites must be proved. First, Child Toy must establish that the agreement containing the non-compete clause was supported by sufficient consideration. Courts had held that if the contract was signed before the employee commenced his employment; then the subsequent employment will in itself be considered sufficient consideration for the contract, and the non-compete clause will, subject to other requirements, be binding on the employee. However, if the contract was signed after the employee had already started working, the employment in itself will not be a sufficient or valid consideration for the promise not to compete.[22] There should also be a legitimate business interest being protected such as confidential trade secrets and goodwill (Keen and Jessup, 2012). In Wallis Nominee (Computing) Pty Ltd vs. Pickett,[23] J. Sifris stated that before enforcing a non-compete clause, the employer must demonstrate that there is more than just exposure to and interaction between the employee and the clientele. The connection with the clients must be strong and be including special knowledge of the clients and a significant degree of influencing them. The fact that Charles was the Operations Manager is sufficient to show that Charles had a strong connection with the clients and had access to confidential information and trade secrets. Finally, a clause in the agreement must be reasonable for it to be enforced. The court, in determining the reasonableness, will give regards to the legitimate interest being protected vis--vis the burden on the employee.[24] Factors to be taken into consideration include the duration of the clause and the scope, and that the assessment is done according to each cases peculiar facts (Cross, 2008). References Brisbane Australia. [Online] Holdingredlich.com.au. Available at: https://www.holdingredlich.com.au/dispute-resolution-litigation/levelling-the-playing-field-the-enforceability-of-non-competition-restraints-of-trade [Accessed 2 Sep. 2016]. Business.gov.au (2016).Business structure. [Online] Available at: https://www.business.gov.au/info/plan-and-start/start-your-business/business-structure [Accessed 1 Sep. 2016]. Clarke, G. (2015).Misleading or Deceptive Conduct Cases- Western Australian Developments. Available at: https://barristers.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Misleading-or-Deceptive-Conduct-Cases-Western-Australian-Developments-Paper.pdf [Accessed 2 Sep. 2016]. Cross, D. (2008).Enforcement of Non-Competition Obligations - Employment and HR - Australia. [Online] Mondaq.com. Available at: https://www.mondaq.com/australia/x/68980/Contract+of+Employment/Enforcement+Of+NonCompetition+Obligations [Accessed 2 Sep. 2016]. Jackson, J., 1991. Liability of Executive Officers under the Corporations Law, The.Bond L. Rev.,3, p.i. Keeton, P., 1973. Product Liability and the Meaning of Defect.. Mary's LJ,5, p.30. Keenan, B. and Jessup, N. (2012).Leveling the playing field: the enforceability of non-competition restraints of trade - Holding Redlich Lawyers - Law Firm Melbourne Sydney Kobras, S. (2010).Business Structures in Australia. [e-book] pp.1-3. Available at: https://www.schweizer.com.au/articles/Business_Structures_in_Australia_ (SK00125445).pdf [Accessed 1 Sep. 2016]. McCarthy, L., 2004. Vicarious Liability in the Agency Context.Queensland U. Tech. L. Just. J.,4, p.1. Sealy, L. and Worthington, S., 2013.Sealy Worthington's Cases and Materials in Company Law. Oxford University Press. Statutes Partnership Act (1963) (cth). Corporations Act (2001) (cth). Competition and Consumer Act (2010)(cth). Cases Wiltshire vs. Kuenzli (1945) 63 WN 47. Lang vs. James Morrison Co. Ltd (1911) 13 CR 1 at 11. Federal Commissioner of Taxation vs. Whiting (1943) 68 CLR 199. Re Agriculturist Insurance Co (Bairds case) (1870) LR 5 Ch. App 725 at 733. Holzman vs. De Escamilla 86 Cal.App.2d 858, 195 P.2d 833 (Ct. App. 1948). Lee vs. Lees Air Farming[1960]UKPC 33. Salomon vs. Salomon Co Ltd (1897). Parkdale Customs Built Furniture Pty Lt vs. Puxu Pty Ltd (1982) 149 CR 191 at 198. Butcher vs. Lachlan Reality Pty Ltd (2004) 218 CLR 592 at 625 (109). Google Inc.vs. Australian Competition and Consumer Commission [2013] HCA 1.249 CLR 435; 87 ALJR 235; 294 ALR 404NEA Pty Ltd vs. Magenta Mining Pty Ltd (2007) WASCA at 128-129. Bake vs. JR Perry Nominees Pty Ltd (2012) VSCA 122. Limpus vs. London General Omnibus Co. (1962) 1 H C 526. Donoghue vs. Stevenson (1932) AC 562. Paterson vs. Merck Sharpe Dohme Pty Ltd (2010) 266 ALR 1at 295 [799]. Vacwell Engineering vs. BDH Chemicals (1971) 1 QB 88. Fabrik Boutique, Inc. v. Shops around Lenox Inc. 329 Ga.App. 21, 25, 763 S.E.2d 492, 495 (Ct. App. Ga. 2014). Wallis Nominee (Computing) Pty Ltd vs. Pickett (2012) VSC 82. HRT Holdings Pty Ltd vs. Pearson (2012) FCA 161.

(1) In The Human Body, Each Cell Contains 23 Pairs Of Chromosomes, One

(1) In the human body, each cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, one of each pair inherited through the egg from the mother, and the other inherited through the sperm of the father. Of these chromosomes, those that determine sex are X and Y. Females have XX and males have XY. In addition to the information on sex, 'the X chromosomes carry determinants for a number of other features of the body including the levels of factor VIII and factor IX.'1 If the genetic information determining the factor VIII and IX level is defective, haemophilia results. When this happens, the protein factors needed for normal blood clotting are effected. In males, the single X chromosome that is effected cannot compensate for the lack, and hence will show the defect. In females, however, only one of the two chromosomes will be abnormal. (unless she is unlucky enough to inherit haemophilia from both sides of the family, which is rare.)2 The other chromosome is likely to be normal and she can therefore compensate for this defect. There are two types of haemophilia, haemophilia A and B. Haemophilia A is a hereditary disorder in which bleeding is due to deficiency of the coagulation factor VIII (VIII:C)3. In most of the cases, this coagulant protein is reduced but in a rare amount of cases, this protein is present by immunoassay but defective.4 Haemophilia A is the most common severe bleeding disorder and approximately 1 in 10,000 males is effected. The most common types of bleeding are into the joints and muscles. Haemophilia is severe if the factor VIII:C levels are less that 1 %, they are moderate if the levels are 1-5% and they are mild if they levels become 5+%.5 (2) Those with mild haemophilia bleed only in response to major trauma or surg ery. As for the patients with severe haemophilia, they can bleed in response to relatively mild trauma and will bleed spontaneously. In haemophiliacs, the levels of the factor VIII:C are reduced. If the plasma from a haemophiliac person mixes with that of a normal person, the Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) should become normal. Failure of the PTT to become normal is automatically diagnostic of the presence of a factor VIII inhibitor. The standard treatment of the haemophiliacs is primarily the infusion of factor VIII concentrates, now heat-treated to reduce the chances of transmission of AIDS.6 In the case of minor bleeding, the factor VIII:C levels should only be raised to 25% with one infusion. For moderate bleeding, 'it is adequate to raise the level initially to 50% and maintain the level at greater that 25% with repeated infusion for 2-3 days. When major surgery is to be performed, one raises the factor VIII:C level to 100% and then maintains the factor level at greater than 50% continuously for 10-14 days.'7 Haemophilia B, the other type of haemophilia, is a result of the deficiency of the coagulation factor IX - also known as Christmas disease. This sex-linked disease is caused by the reduced amount of the factor IX. Unlike haemophilia A, the percentage of it's occupance due to an abnormally functioning molecule is larger. The factor IX deficiency is 1/7 as common as factor VIII deficiency and it is managed with factor VIII concentrates. Unlike factor VIII concentrates which have a half-life of 12 hours, the half-life of factor IX concentrates is 18 hours. In addition, factor IX (3) concentrates contain a number of other proteins, including activated coagulating factors that contribute to a risk of thrombosis . Therefore, more care is needed in haemophilia B to decide on how much concentration should be used. The prognosis of the haemophiliac patients has been transformed by the availability of factor VIII and factor IX replacement. The limiting factors that result include disability from recurrent joint bleeding and viral infections such as hepatitis B from recurrent transfusion.8 Since most haemophiliacs are male and only their mother can pass to them the deficient gene, a very important issue for the families of haemophiliacs now is identifying which females are carriers. One way to determine this is to estimate the amount of factor VIII and IX present in the woman. However, while a low level confirms the

Are the SAT Subject Tests Changing

Are the SAT Subject Tests Changing SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The SAT was redesigned in 2016- a huge revamp that has been linked to the Common Core and attempts to re-secure market share lost to the ACT.This may leave you wondering: what about SAT Subject Tests? Are they changing? Will there be new SAT Subject Tests modeledafter the main SAT redesign? In a word, no. At least, not now. So what does this mean?Well, for starters, it means that SAT Subject Tests will now be even more different from the regular SAT than they were before the SAT redesign. In this article, I’ll go over the implications of the â€Å"mismatch† between the redesigned SAT and the SAT Subject Tests. How are the formats different, and how should you approach these differences?I’ll also go over how the SAT redesign has changed how Subject Test content overlaps (or doesn’t) with the regular SAT.Finally, I will engage in some wild speculation (okay, fine, evidence-based speculation) about where the SAT Subject Tests may be going in the future. The SAT Subject Tests Are Not Changing First things first: the SAT Subject Tests are not changing. The College Board has come right out and said it! Of course, this doesn’t mean that the SAT Subject Tests will never change or be redesigned, but, at present, nothing has been announced. So you can expect that they will be administered in the same format for at least the next few years. However, the main SAT redesign does mean that there are now some additional differences between the regular SAT and the SAT Subject Tests. The winds of change...are not blowing for the SAT Subject Tests. Formatting Differences Between the New SAT and the SAT Subject Tests There were always some differences between the SAT and the SAT Subject Tests. While Subject Tests are each one hour long in a specialized subject area, the regular SAT is a multi-section, broad-content test with variable time lengths per section. This remains the case under the redesigned SAT. But with the redesign, there are a couple of additional differences between the two test types in question format and scoring.Let’s break them down: The redesigned SAT has only four answer choices per question, but mostSAT Subject Tests will continue to have five answer choices per question.The only exception is the foreign language Subject Tests, which have four answer choices per question. All things being equal, this means your chances of randomly guessing a correct answer on most SAT Subject Tests is 5% lower than on the main SAT (20% vs. 25%). This probably won’t make any real difficulty difference between the two exams because on a five-choice test like a Subject Test, there’s generally at least one really obviously wrong answer in the bunch. A bigger change is that the redesigned SAT has no penalty for guessing while the SAT Subject Tests will continue to have a penalty for wrong answers to discourage guessing. On Subject Tests with five answer choices (again, this is most of them), you'll lose 1/4 of a point for each incorrect answer. For the foreign language Subject Tests, which have four answer choices, you'll lose 1/3 of a point for each incorrect answer. This may actually make your test-taking strategy somewhat different between SAT Subject Tests and the regular SAT. Basically, you should definitely answer every question on the regular SAT, even if you have no idea of the answer because you lose nothing by guessing. In contrast, you might want to take a slightly more conservative approach on your Subject Tests and only guess when you can eliminate some answer choices. Otherwise, you run the risk of an extra penalty for getting the answer wrong. Don't get stung by wrong answer penalties! Subject Tests That Might Line Up With the New SAT...Or Not In addition to formatting changes, the SAT redesign also involved some pretty major content changes. We’ve reviewed those changes in-depth, but here’s a quick summary: All questions for Reading are now passage-based, and not all of the passages will be literary; there will be nonfiction passages. All questions on Writing will also be passage-based, and the emphasis has shifted a little more towards questions on writing style and away from questions on arcane grammar mechanics. The new Math sectionhas less geometry, and questions are rooted more in real-world situations and skills you learned in class and less on abstract â€Å"logic† type questions. The overall test is now weighted more heavily towards the Math section. Reading and Writing together form Evidence-Based Reading and Writing for 800 points and Math stays at 800 points (so the total is 1600 points). If we compare the redesigned SAT content to Subject Test content, we’ll see a surprising cadre of similarities and differences. Subjects that have never before overlapped with the main SAT will now have some points of overlap, and some Subject Tests, like Math, that used to share lots of material withthe main SAT aren’t all that similar to the redesignedSAT. These next sections will go over what material on Subject Tests is also covered on the SAT and how you can use this to your advantage when you prepare for both the main SAT and the Subject Tests. Subject Tests: Math 1 and Math 2 Overlaps with: SAT Math Both of the Subject Tests in Math still overlap with the Math section of the revised SAT, but less than they did before.While many similar topics are covered, there are some key differences between the way questions are presented. First, the new SAT Math has a no-calculator section and free-response questions. The SAT Math Subject Tests are all multiple choice, and calculators are allowed the entire time. Second, the redesigned SAT focuses much more on â€Å"real-world† style problems, mathematical modeling, and reading and interpreting data. Given this focus, the scope of the math tested on the exam has narrowed. (For one thing, there’s much less geometry). The SAT Subject Tests are much more about testing how well you’ve learned a variety of more advanced mathematical concepts, so you can expect a broader range of topics and more problems like what you would see on a high school math test. Math II covers evenmore advanced topics than Math I. Because of this, Math II overlaps with the new SAT Math section even less than Math I does. There’s just not enough room on Math II to cover some of the more basic math concepts that Math I and SAT Math both focus on. Here are the topics that still overlap among the three tests. You should be aware, however, that shared topics are weighted completely differently on each exam! As mentioned above, the new SAT Math is much less focused on geometry of all types than either of the Math Subject Tests, and it's much more interested in â€Å"real-world† style problems and mathematical modeling. Overlapping topics on all three math exams: Basic statistics: mean, median, mode, reading graphs Coordinate geometry for lines and circles Calculating volume of 3-D solids from formulas Basic trigonometry: right triangles, identities Creating mathematical models Manipulating and solving expressions, equations, and inequalities Ratios and proportions Complex numbers Math I and SAT Math both include some Euclidean plane geometry for angles, circles, and triangles; Math II does not (Euclidean geometry concepts are assessed via coordinate and 3-D geometry).Math II and SAT Math now also both cover radians, which are not covered on Math I. So will studying for Math Subject Tests help prepare you for the SAT Math section? Certainly, reviewing math topics that are covered on both the Subject Test you are taking and the main SAT Math section will be helpful, but the questions are presented differently, and there are topic areas that don’t overlap. This is particularly truefor Math II. If you’ve just taken Math I or Math II and you are now preparing for SAT Math, make sure that you aren’t relying too much on your calculator or multiple-choice strategies. These won’t be with you for the entire SAT Math section. Will studying for the Math section help with the math-based Subject Tests? Again, it will help you somewhat in that you will be studying some overlapping topics. But you’ll need to be prepared both for the topics that don’t overlap and for the different exam formats. All these math exams! It's enough to make your head spin. Subject Test: Literature Overlaps with: SAT Reading In some ways, SAT Reading is closer to the Subject Test in Literature than it was before because all of the questions on the Reading section are now passage-based, as in the Literature Subject Test. However, while Literature has only literary and poetic passages, the Reading section will now include a number of nonfiction passages as well. This means that, while the close-reading skills you develop for Literature will help you with the passage-based questions on SAT Reading, you will be reading and answering questions about some very different types of passages. You can expect to see nonfiction and historical passages on SAT Reading that you will need to read with an eye for identifying the evidence authors use to support their claims. By contrast, the SAT Literature Subject Test will have much more of an emphasis on literary devices. So will studying for Literature help prepare you for Reading? Sort of, in that it will hone your close-reading skills. However,you need to make sure you also know how to read non-fiction and historical passages for comprehension and to identify evidence, which really does not play into the Literature test at all. Conversely, will studying for Reading help prepare you for Literature? It will help a little bit, but the passages on Literature are much more, well, literary, so you will need to make sure you have a stronger grasp of literary devices than SAT Reading requires. Also, the Literature Subject Test has poetry, which is a whole different animal; for more guidance on that, see my guide to the Literature Subject Test. Read on to learn why this might be on your SAT Reading test! Subject Tests: US History and World History Overlaps with: SAT Reading This may surprise you, but you might now find some minor overlap between your US History or World History Subject Test and SAT Reading.SAT Reading now includes, in one of its five passage sections, â€Å"One passage or a pair of passages from either a U.S. founding document or a text in the great global conversation they inspired.† (see the College Board page for Inside the SAT Reading). The College Board claims that you won’t need any outside knowledge to understand the documents they choose for the Reading test, but any contextual knowledge you have about â€Å"U.S founding documents† (i.e. the Declaration of Independence, the Gettysburg Address, etc.) and their global counterparts certainly won’t hurt you. And, if you are taking the US History or World History Subject Test, chances are you have some of that outside contextual knowledge. Additionally, both history Subject Tests include some questions on primary source analysis- a similar skill to the analysis of historical documents on Reading. So, will studying for US History or World History help prepare you for the Reading section? It will help a little bit, by giving you historical context and the skills to close-read historical passages.Will studying for SAT Reading help prepare you for US History or World History? Again, it will help a little bit, depending on what â€Å"founding documents† you are exposed to in your studying. Subject Test: Biology Overlaps with: SAT Reading and Math The new SAT involves an increased amount of reading charts and graphs in the Reading, Writing, and Math sections.The Biology Subject Test also involves questions that test your knowledge of reading graphs and charts. So, learning to read graphs and charts for one of these exams will help you with this skill for all the other exams. Basically, making sure you know how to read graphs and charts properly is a skill that will help you on a number of College-Board administered exams, and also life. If jellyfish could read charts, they probably would have taken over the world by now. As you can see, while there is overlap between certain Subject Tests and the new SAT, none of the overlap is substantial enough that prepping for one really preps for the other in any significant way.Preparing for Subject Tests, in general, certainly won’t hurt your SAT performance or vice-versa, but it definitely won’t replace or even hugely augment specific prep for the exam you are taking. What Could Be Next for the SAT Subject Tests? So is a revamp coming for the SAT Subject Tests anytime soon?Well, let’s think about what niche the Subject Tests fill compared to the main SAT. The SAT is meant to be a college entrance exam that tests a wide variety of skills and predicts performance in college (it historically hasn’t really done this, but that’s the idea).The SAT was revised for a lot of reasons, but overall the goal is to make the SAT more predictive of college success and less based on whether you could afford a tutor or even a prep book to learn strategies. (Do I think the College Board met their goal? That’s a story for another day.) The SAT Subject Tests, however, never purported to be the kind of exam that any smart person could do well on. They have always been meant to showcase a particular talent or expertise in a subject. Because of this, I don’t think it’s terribly likely that there are any major content changes for the SAT Subject Tests coming anytime soon. However, I do think it’s a little bizarre to administer two kinds of SAT tests with different scoring mechanisms and a different number of answer choices. There may well be a more minor SAT Subject Test revision just for the sake of creating consistency between the two tests. Thus, while I don’t think a major revamp in content is coming soon, I do think it’s possible that there will minor revisions to make the tests more harmonious in format. Harmonious like these creepy singing angels. Key Takeaways Are the SAT Subject Tests changing? No! There will be no newSAT Subject Testsfor 2016. This means that, unlike on the main SAT, most Subject Tests have five answer choices per question, and there’s a -0.25 point penalty for every wrong answer. The exception is foreign language Subject tests, which have four answer choices per question, and there's a 1/3 point penalty for every wrong answer. The changing format of the SAT does mean that there may be some new and different overlaps between Subject Tests and main SAT content. In terms of future revisions, I don’t think there’s going to be a major content revision any time soon, but there may be a formatting revision to bring the two tests into greater harmony. What's Next? Trying to decide which SAT Subject Tests to take? Let us help.Or maybe you want some help registering for your chosen Subject Tests. Confused about the new SAT? See our guide to the new Reading sectionand our guide to redesigned SAT math. With the redesign, you might consider if the new SAT or the ACT is going to be better for you. Need a little extra help prepping for your Subject Tests? We have the industry's leading SAT Subject Test prep programs (for all non-language Subject Tests). Built by Harvard grads and SAT Subject Test full or 99th %ile scorers, the program learns your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics, then customizes your prep program to you so that you get the most effective prep possible. Learn more about our Subject Test products below:

The data search assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The data search - Assignment Example HRM plays an important role in improving the productive contribution of people in the organization that are strategically, ethically and socially responsible. HRM practices and policies translate change as employee commitment & opportunity. HRM is concerned with the people as every organization is made up of people, acquiring their services, developing their skills and motivating them to high levels of performance and ensuring that they continue to maintain their commitment to the organization in achieving organizational objectives.HRM can practically help organization pull off a great deal of coup by selecting, training and managing excellent people. The task of managing people in today’s world of work is particularly challenging in the light of the changes in efficiency step up. It is difficult to delineate, gauge and evaluate the productivity. To all intents and purposes, cutthroat competition has gained much currency. Never before has the world of work been so challenging. Never before has it been so imperative to our career that we need to learn and develop our skills of management. Never before have had people so many vast opportunities with so many potential rewards. The sources that predominantly support my research are : online databases and hard copy books and journals. The reason I choose these two data sources is that they are highly reliable. There are plenty sources of data but journal and carefully scrutinized research reports do not provide generic information. The differences in information collected from both sources may not be pronounced but it will still help me decide which data source is relatively better for different purposes. Let us first review data collected from online databases. For this purpose I will choose PubMed Central and Medline Plus. Medline is a free online database. The advent of the Internet is dramatically changing scholarly publishing. The growth is because online

Economic essay on Inernational monetary fund report

Economic on Inernational monetary fund report - Essay Example In between 2001 to 2005, The international portfolio assets of United States grew from $2.3 trillion to $ 4.6 trillion. Finding also revealed a decline in home bias and increased investments into alternative vehicles such as hedge funds. It also revealed official sector growth in asset management by Emerging Market official sector and sovereign wealth funds, at the end of year 2005, managing assets predicted to have more than $ 6 trillion. Individual banks, hedge funds, insurance and pension funds face unreliable constraints that affect their investment allocation as they have different objectives. As openness to foreign intermediaries has been growing worldwide, emergence of conglomerates combining banking, securities, assets management etc in one organization have also been made possible by deregulation. Mature market economies and emerging have been affected by institutional globalization. The upward trend has been observed since 1995 in the ratio between global cross-border capital flow and world GDP. Oil producer countries have become large investors in financial instruments, such as bonds and equities. Sovereign wealth funds make such investments directly or by placement of funds with external investment managers. Market estimates reveal that these funds manage over $ 1.4 trillion. Consolidation of the industry has been directed by Merger and Acquisition (M & A); ongoing securitization and the expansion of derivatives markets has allowed institutions to transfer within and across the borders. Institutional globalization affects both, emerging and mature markets economics because some emerging market – based financial institutions operate on international level. We shall be discussing

Creationism vs Evolutionism Essay Example for Free

Creationism vs Evolutionism Essay From the beginning of time there has been a controversy about how the world was created. At this time we can agree that there can only be one of two ways that the world could have been created, and that is scientifically or non scientifically. While in the world today mostly everything is being created from science although that might not have been the case back in the days. In this research paper I will try to show the difference between the two and how they are still one in the same. While this research paper is not designed to persuade you in your beliefs, it is a bucket of knowledge that will better educate you on the two. The Creationism vs. Evolutionism controversy represents a clash between two ways of relating to the world (scientific/non-scientific). The central idea of biological evolution (scientific) is that all life on Earth shares a common ancestor, just as you and your cousins share a common grandmother. Creationism (non-scientific) is someone who believes in a god who is absolute creator of heaven and earth, out of nothing, by an act of free will. Creationists do not believe that all of today’s living things evolved from simple organisms changing slowly over time. Creationism opposes the idea of human evolution. (Ruse, Michael, fall 2008) Since the creation of the universe is typically explained by two popular beliefs. One being the scientific explanation and the other being biblical explanation. These are two very different explanations, and while I believe ones religious beliefs can have a role in which explanation one chooses to follow, one is free to choose how they believe the world was created. The scientific explanation is explained by the Big Bang Theory. A basic definition of the Big Bang Theory is that the universe began at a specific time and has been cooling and expanding ever since. According to this explanation, a hot ball of energy expanded outward in all directions and in time radiation and matter began to rise. Gravity now comes in to play and draws the matter into dense regions. After billions of years this formed all things that exist now, stars, planets and galaxies. In our text the biblical explanation for the creation of the universe is explained to us through the Judeo-Christian Biblical account of the creation of earth. The Judeo-Christian account is believed that God made its first inhabitants, fashioning them out of clay, and breathing life into them. With this theory it is obvious to see the two explanations; scientific and biblical are very different. Scientific belief is the universe was created through hot energy expanding and eventually creating our galaxies. The biblical explanation is the belief of the Holy Spirit (God) created all things. With these two very different explanations I dont see how they can become reconciled. Being of Pentecostal faith, I was taught, and brought up to believe in the biblical explanation. However, one cannot ignore the scientific explanation. With the research given today it’s hard to deny the scientific facts available. For some it can be difficult picking one explanation if they don’t believe in religion, for me, I can believe is that the world was created by (god) and the continued creation that came there after over time is created through science. Creationism vs. volutionism has often been incorrectly drawn out as a debate between science and religion, very little can be gained by debating evolution vs. creationism. Two of the biggest obstacles to effective debate on the topic are: †¢The lack of conclusive scientific evidence to forever resolve the issue †¢And the lack of open mindedness on the part of both camps. The geneticist Theodosius Dobzhansky stated that, nothing in biology makes sense except in terms of evolution. The theory of evolution merely explains a process by which species undergoes change over an extended period of time. It is believed that different species evolved from a common ancestor. In order to understand the concept of evolution we must think of time in large units like millions of years. Blocks of time like months and years are of little significance. Evolution refers to entire populations and not individuals. The changes must be passed on to the next generation. Though not the first person to present the idea of evolution; Charles Darwin has been dubbed the father of evolution. He is the most noted and supported, for his theory of natural selection. Darwin’s theory of natural selection simply states that nature favors the survival of organisms that have traits that are best suited for their environment. In other words, only the strong survive. (Max O. Hallman third edition pp 159- 166) Since Darwin’s proposal, scientists such as geologist, biologists, biochemists and others have conducted studies, gathered evidence and developed theories to explain the probable mechanisms of evolution. Modifications are constantly being made to findings and theories as new evidence is accepted. These scientists have conducted studies to compare organisms. Their research includes the study of fossil records, cell structure and function, DNA and the process of heredity (ancestral background). Their theory of evolution suggests that species that currently exist on earth, developed from ancestral species that have adapted to changing conditions. Scientist evidence suggests that life on earth probably began billions of years ago with a unicellular organism. This information has been obtained through Radio-carbon dating which is a method of obtaining age estimates on organic materials. It has been used to date samples as old as 50,000 years. The method was developed immediately following World War II by Willard F. Libby and coworkers, and has provided age determinations in archaeology, geology, geophysics and other branches of science. Radiocarbon determinations can be obtained on wood; charcoal; marine and fresh-water shell; bone and antler; peat and organic-bearing sediments, carbonate deposits such as tufa, caliche, and marl; and dissolved carbon dioxide and carbonates in ocean, lake and ground-water sources. Darwin hypothesized that changes in species is due to the concept of natural selection (only the strong survive). Organisms with favorable traits to those environments are more likely to survive, reproducing and passing on the better traits to the next generation. The new off spring world have an increased chance of survival. Over time, the fittest of the species will survive with different characteristics from those of the original species. This will now be recognized as a new species. (William P. marryA. cunningham chapter 4. Pp 75-90) While absolute proof of the existence of God cannot be realized by any human being, the great weight of evidence, when rationally evaluated, clearly balances the scales heavily in favor of God. We can demonstrate beyond a reasonable doubt that He is, and that He is a rewarded of them that diligently seek Him. (Hebrews 11:6) Creationism is the religious belief that all life on earth is the creation of a supernatural being- god. This relates to the history of religion as described in religious text and the bible. As described in genesis, humans, the world, the universe and all that exists was created by god: Creatio ex nihilo- Latin for creation from nothing.

Sanctity of Life Essay -- Science Biology

Sanctity of Human Life Does a person have the right to kill another human life, at any stage of development? A city council debates over whether to sacrifice Bill, a man with no earthly attachments, to save five members of society. Two parents face the choice of using an embryonic stem cell treatment to reverse their son’s paralysis, or leave him paralyzed from the neck down. The mother wishes to employ the treatment while the stepfather is against the treatment because it kills an embryo. In both situations, sanctity of life compels one not to sacrifice an innocent human life, potential or existing, to improve the well-being of another. An embryo is potential human life; therefore, one cannot sacrifice it. Potential human life is present at the point of conception, when the egg and sperm join. Only nine months separate this embryo from being a developed human. Letting an embryo die to increase the well-being of the young man disregards the sanctity of human life. The young man still has potential; he is not dead. The embryo personifies the rawest potential in human life. Both are human lives that have inviolable potential. Kant’s categorical imperative is applicable here. The embryo is an end, not a means. It should be valued for its very existence; it is a significant life with equal standing alongside other lives. A universal law is moral only if applied to all persons. If one believes all should be honest, then he or she must be honest or that law is not universal. Universal application of the sanctity of life deems sacrificing one to save another as immoral, for then one is making an exception to that law . Thus, no form of human life is worthy of sacrifice. In the organ-harvesting dilemma, the sanctity of life prevents... ...at endangers others. Works Cited Weston, Anthony. A 21st Century Ethical Tool Box. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford, 2008. Print. Pgs.127-144 Anthony Weston has taught ethics for 25 years and currently is a professor of ethics at Elon University. He has written numerous books regarding ethics and the employment of them. This book is a guide discovering ethics, their morality, and application. He utilizes vivid excerpts from renowned authors and philosophers to impart information effectively. While reading this book, one discovers new concepts about the world around one and oneself. Weston credits collaborative professors of similar studies, with helping produce this book in the beginning of the text. Information taken from Weston’s book was crucial for understanding ethics, especially the excerpt from Kant’s Grounding for the Metaphysics Morals.

The Evolution of Courtship

CHAPTER 1I. IntroductionA. DefinitionCourtship is the process or period of courting. Through the years, it is evident that there has been a significant change in the way courtship is done. Especially in the Philippines, where culture is dynamic and ever-changing, it has to the researcher’s attention that there has been great changes in the way courtship is done between Filipino males and females. With this, the researcher would like to interpret the evolution of courtship. The landscape of male and female interaction has changed over the past 100 years, revealing a very sharp contrast in shape and form.One significant area where this is clearly seen is in the area of courtship and dating. In 1896, the word â€Å"dating† was known to be lower-class slang in reference to prostitution. Basically, going on a date was an understatement for paid sex. By the 1900s, the word â€Å"Calling† (or courtship) was introduced into households. Calling was the process of a man, t he suitor, coming into the home of a young woman to meet her and get to know her and get to know her better and eventually end up marrying her.This was highly preferred by parents since the meeting between the man and young woman was highly supervised – everything from the length of the meeting to what food they would eat (Discroll, 2009). Furthermore, it gave parents a sense of safety since it protected adolescents from any kind of danger like rape, and involved the maximum participation of family members. In this, however, the process of courtship was not always perfect. It was seen that it only placed itself in the households of the rich and not the lower-class (hence the lower class slang).It would seem that courtship was too expensive an activity for the lower-class. They simply could not affor the luxury of fine dining in a parlour and/or traveling to meet with their sweetheart (Discroll, 2009). In this, the progression and seeming perfect balance did not last long. As population, poverty, technology, economy, and innovation grew, change in the lower and higher classes rose. Because of this, they had to find more adaptive solutions as to how they would interact and meet with the opposite sex; a great change was seen throughout the years effectively changing the landscape of courtship.Today, technology has made easy interaction even more possible. With the dawn of the internet, men and women no longer need to be with each other physically or in the woman’s home to interact; it can all be done with a simple click of a few buttons. Now taken into the context of the Philippine setting, changing trends and patterns are not so much different from their western counterparts. Over the past decades, Filipinos have taken a more practical approach towards the relationships involved in their lives due to the increased use and innovation of technology and change in social landscape (Ogena, 1999).So like their western counterparts, no longer do men apply the idea of Chaperonage or Panliligaw (courtship) with the opposite sex. And as patterns have changed, the main influencers – parents – have found the style of dating more acceptable (Ogena, 1999). A study done by UPPL & DRPF called the YAFS (Young Adult Fertility and Sexual Study) for the Philippines showed that there was a significant number of adolescents going on dates.Another significant YAFS data shows that from 1982 to 1994, a majority of the youth (40.4%) group dated but later split to single dates (39. 7%) which enabled more intimate encounters with each other, with Filipino teens engaging in sexual activities (9. 7% for males and 2. 9% for females). As dating became a more regular activity among the youth, intimacies heightened. This resulted in an increase in the corresponding proportions of the youth engaging in petting and sexual intercourse, 16. 3% and 8. 1%, respectively (De Guzman,1997).B. Significance/ RelevanceIt is clear that Filipinos have changed the way they see courtship. Especially that technology has affected lives of teenagers today that it is now easy to communicate with anyone. It is then the researcher’s privilege to show the evolution of courtship. The study will also be beneficial to the general public to make them aware of how courtship worked then and now. The study will serve as a reference on the processes, style, and evolution of courtship.C. Research ObjectivesThis research paper aims to answer the question: 1. How has courtship evolved throughout the years? To answer the question/ problem, the researcher will investigate the following sub-questions: 1. What was the courtship process then? 2. What is the courtship process now? 3. How did courtship evolve throughout the years in terms of: a. Process of Courting b. Socialization c. CommunicationCHAPTER 2I. Review of Related LiteratureA. Local LiteratureCourtship is known in the local language as Panliligaw or Ligawan and is also synonymous to pandidiga o r digahan from some of the Tagalog-speaking regions in the Philippines. It has rooted from the Spanish word ‘diga’ which means to ‘to say, express. ’ The term manliligaw refers to a man who tries to court a woman and pursue her for marriage. On the other hand, the term nililigawan refers to the woman who is being pursued, hence, the one being courted.Courtship in the Philippines is known to be moderate and to ba taken under control unlike those of the western cultures. Traditionally, it has been done with the first step of the man visiting the woman’s house and presents himself to her parents in an official manner. It is generally unacceptable to most Filipino families to court the woman without knowledge of her family. The most usual trend to be acceptable to the woman’s family is from the saying â€Å"courting a Filipina means courting her family too† (Business World, 2002).Courtship in the Philippines involves the suitor working hard for his love even if he has to go through a long time of courtship. Traditional courtship would entail men serenading (harana) the â€Å"women at night and sing songs of love and affection† (Business World, 2002). Others would give love notes to express their feelings. It would also entail going to the woman’s house to bring her flowers and other sorts of gifts. And in some cases, men are shown to be courting the woman’s parents to get their acceptance before he could actually court the woman.Courtship allows women to enjoy the attention they get from men by being treated in a special way and receiving gifts from them. Because of this, some women even delay their marriage so that they have more time to experience what it’s like to be showered with attention and affection. (Molina, 1983 as cited in Courtship in the Philippines Today) Parents and family members are very much involved in courtship because of the Filipino viewpoint that marriage doesnâ€℠¢t just involve a man and woman, but their families as well.It became important for a person to choose well to enhance his or her family’s image. Dating as an activity in courtship, has become very popular, as it was an influence from the western culture. But even before people were influenced and dating became popular, the Philippines already had come up with its own courting practices. These practices were passes on by their families to use when entering into courtship. (Medina, 2005 as cited in Courtship in the Philippines Today)B. Local StudiesIn a 2012 study entitled â€Å"E-Courtship: A Descriptive Study† by Pamela Concepcion Panganiban, she explained that when two human beings start developing emotional attachments to one another, the relationship often tirns from simple friendship to a romantic kind (Tucker, 2008) and once feelings are established between the two parties, the individual then pursues the person his or her interest (Tucker, 2008). It is therefore appropriate to say that when an individual, much like a male, pursues a female, it signifies the act of courtship (Akiteng, N. D. ).Courtship often precedes itself as the stage where a male signifies his interest for an established romantic committed relationship with another person or before each can call themselves â€Å"official. † The study of Brinas, Ramirez, and Ty on â€Å"Ang Proseso ng Pagliligawan† (1996) mentioned that there are many reasons why men court women. Aside from the usual reason of preparing for marriage, a man courts a woman because first, he could be physically attracted to her. Men are visual creatures; that is why the physical appearance of a woman may be a big deal for them.Another reason is he wants to feel loved. A man courts a woman so that he could show love and at the same time, hopes that he receives that kind of love from the woman as well. The next reason is that a man wants to have someone to be with all the time because men treasur e companionship. He wants to have someone to be with because this makes him happy, especially during special moments in his life. A man courts a woman also for his own satisfaction. For a man, a woman seems to be like a reward or a challenge to him. So courting a woman – and eventually getting her makes him satisfied.These reasons vary, depending on the person. Looks and physical appearance may be a major factor for some men, but for others, this might just be a bonus. A common reason for a man to court a woman is because he is pressured by his friends and family to get a girlfriend. There are also some men who only want to court women who are attractive to show them off to the people around them. This is not an ideal reason to court a woman, but this happens especially when the man isn’t that mature yet as a person. The last reason is because a man simply has feelings for a woman.(Continuado, Marcos, and Renton, 2007) A 2009 study entitles â€Å"Courtship Among Emerg ing Adults in the Philippines: Definition, Activities, Influences and Motivations (Fabic, Feliciano, & Nery, 2009),† focused on the difference of understanding of the middle and lower class Filipinos about courtship. They conducted surveys from middle class groups and lower class groups living in the slum areas. But according to the results of the study for both male and female, the difference is not that big among the two different groups with their ideas of courtship.Most of them defined courtship as a process of knowing someone and â€Å"showing a girl how a guy feels towards her. † Proving Social Cognitive Theory’s assumption of having different factors (personal and environmental factor) affect that way people behave, act or think towards courtship, the said study found out that the topmost factors in their idea of courtship are â€Å"friends, media, family, and culture. † These factors are what motivates them and influences them if they will court so meone or if they want to be courted.There is no major difference with the activities done on courtship with those in the middle class and lower class group. Both classes agreed that â€Å"spending time with the other person, giving gifts, and basically just putting one’s best foot forward† are the most evident things to be done in the courtship stage. (pp. 78-78) The 2012 study entitled â€Å"Mix & Match: A Descriptive Study of Filipinos’ Ideals in Social Relationships (Olalia and Ylagan, 2012)† also proved how different factors influence a person’s behaviour or point of view towards courtship and marriage.Although the study focused on â€Å"ideals,† they concluded that â€Å"a number of informants shared that they patterned their ideal boyfriends or girlfriends and husband or wives from their parents. † One male respondent, 27, shared that because he grew up in an environment where his mother is more strong-willed than his father, he also wanted a girlfriend who is more strong-willed than him, which is true to his current girlfriend. Another informant (Ellaine, 22) shared that she wants someone who is like her brothers or her father.C. Foreign LiteratureIn the book â€Å"Boy Meets Girl,† Joshua Harris defines courtship as â€Å"dating with a purpose† and a â€Å"relationship between a man and a woman that has a purpose of being actively and intentionally together to consider marriage. † It is a process that has a direction and a purpose and involves knowing a person better to see if they are right for each other, and eventually, if they are, leads to marriage. A courtship can be considered successful when the man and woman find out if they are right for each other or not.They pursue marriage when they find out that they are for each other, and they end the courtship if they see that they are not right for each other. When a man and a woman understand the purpose of courtship, it is much eas ier for both of them to move on when their relationship doesn’t work out. Courtship is like a new season of friendship. It is something that should be entered into when a man or woman is ready for marriage. According to Joshua Harris, courtship is a relationship guided by the principle that â€Å"the joy of intimacy is the reward of commitment.† (Harris, 2005)Before courtship actually commences, a man and woman must have a deeper level of friendship than that of just an acquaintance. Normally, the second phase, or the actual courting stage will be initiated by the man asking permission from the woman’s father to begin courtship with his daughter, and the man’s obvious reason is to know if they both want to get married to each other in the future. The father usually acts as the initial â€Å"protective screening test. † Both the man’s and the woman’s families must be involved.â€Å"They ought to understand, through experience, each pa rt of the other person’s life as much as possible. † Instead of interrupting each one’s daily routines to make way for their alone time, couples in the courtship stage will most likely try to involve each one in their daily routines. It is important for a man and a woman who enter into courtship to have good communication to be able to know where they are in their relationship and how they feel towards each other. If everything is going well, they can spend more time alone together and take on activities like watching movies and concerts, going to the mall or having dinner alone.When men court women, they are usually romantic, and they buy flowers or cards to make the women feel special. When the man gets the blessing of the woman’s father, he then proposes to her. When the woman accepts the proposal, they would get married and live together as husband and wife. (Gianforte, 2008) Back then, it involved the control of women because it’s the men who g o to their homes to get to know them better.But as courtship evolved into a more free and liberated type, it has now been occurring outside the home, which means it’s now more of the man’s control because he is the one paying for the date. Since women started working and had more time to spend with men outside the house, new rules of engagement were formed where the men were able to take women out on dates. â€Å"The entire romantic system moved out from under the parent’s supervision, and like an eloping couple, it never wanted to go back.† (Gianforte, 2008)In Joushua Harris’ book â€Å"I Kisses Dating Goodbye,† he described dating as an act of a man and a woman going out to have a good time, nothing more, nothing less. He even added that people date because they want to be able to enjoy the physical and emotional benefits of being intimate without the need to be In a real commitment. This generation’s pursuit of fulfilment in relati onships, especially in dating, is that they want intimacy without the responsibility, sex with no expectations, and love without hard work and sacrifice.  (Harris, 2004)Today, the intent of dating ranges from getting to know the person to wanting to marry the person. (Gianforte, 2008) But because of the western influence today, courtship has been delivered to be vanishing. Contrary to that, the said study by Fabic, Feliciano, and Nery (2009), also found out that courting is still manifested in the local society. Depending on the respondent’s point of view, the definition of courtship will vary but will still lead to a common idea â€Å"which is the process of a guy expressing how he feels towards a girl by pleasing her, so that in return, the girl will like him back.†Prominent among the results is the idea that courtship is still initiated by the men. What varies now is the way men do their courtship especially because the use of technology is already inevitable toda y. This is what most people refer to now as â€Å"modern courtship† just as revealed in â€Å"an Asia-wide survey that was conducted during 2002, not only that the Filipinos say I love you through text messaging (Ellwood Clayton, 2006 as cited to court a woman through electronic devices. † (pp. 69-70)D. Foreign StudiesEven with the emergence of technology that makes it easier for young people to connect with other people, they still prefer the traditional style of courtship. Even if they use technology in communicating with their loves, they still prefer face to face communication and interaction rather than just texting or meeting online.Internet video started with a little film called â€Å"The Spot† by a filmmaker Scott Zzakarin in 1995 (Letizia, 2011). â€Å"The spot† was a simple film and into a two-inch two-inch screen and attributed to it were lol quality images at the same time were not equipped to handle the flop of Zakarin’s project, it i s considered today one o the first web or â€Å"webisodes† to hit the internet.

How The Kkk, Anarchists, Preaks Compare To Big Brother Essay

How the KKK, Anarchists, Preaks Compare to Big Brother nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Many organizations today are considered bad or quot;evilquot;. Groups like the Ku Klux Klan, The Anarchy Organization, Supreme White Power, which are Skinheads and Neo-Nazis, and Phreaks are a few of these groups. These groups all have one thing in common......they somehow break the law. The Ku Klux Klan quot;terrorized public officials in efforts to drive them from office and blacks in general to prevent them from voting and holding office.quot; ( Microsoft Encarta 1995 Ku Klux Klan) The quot;Klansmenquot; flogged, mutilated, or murdered their victims. Supreme White Power (SWP) or quot;skin headsquot; are somewhat like the Ku Klux Klan. The†¦show more content†¦Like in 1984, if these people surface, government will quickly shut these people up and try and cover up. Anarchists have begun to think and have chosen to rebel against their government. Perhaps everyone else has been brainwashed into thinking that government is the best. Members of the Brotherhood think, remember, and know something is not right with their society. Just like the anarchists see all the laws being broken and rights violated. there is a new bill that simply wants to have censorship on the internet so you cannot access anything quot;badquot;. This violates the 1st Amendment which gives us the right to freedom of speech and freedom of the press, but this bill some how even made it to court. In 1984, people against The Party saw that the quantity of food distributed was becoming less. The Party stated, while talking about chocolate, something that now theyll be giving more chocolate to each family. This was obviously a lie when last week the quantity was more. In the Brotherhood they believed in truth and letting people live life as they want to live it, just like The Anarchy Organization. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Supreme White Power has over 30 different